Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy During and After Pregnancy—A Nationwide Matched-Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
In this nationwide register study of women with type 1 diabetes, pregnant women and retinopathy-matched, nonpregnant control participants had a similar risk of developing sight-threatening DR requiring treatment during and within 36 months after pregnancy.
Study context
- Population
- Women with T1D, national Danish Registry of Diabetic Retinopathy; data from 36 months before pregnancy until 36 months aftermatched cohort
- Participants
- 1,041 vs 1,041
- Exposure
- Pregnant women vs nonpregnant control participants with T1D
- Pregnant womenn = 1,041
- Controln = 1,041reference
- Outcome
- Treatment of sight-threatening DR: panretinal photocoagulation for proliferative DR or anti-VEGF injections for DME
- Follow-up
- During and after pregnancy
Methodological detailsregister-based, individually matched by baseline diabetic retinopathy (DR) level
- Register-based
- Individually matched by baseline DR level
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Panretinal photocoagulation for proliferative DR
Pregnant women vs ControlOdds ratio (95% CI)
During pregnancy: 1.2% vs 1.1%
1.18(0.53–2.66)
After pregnancy: 2.7% vs 2.9%
0.93(0.55–1.57)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Progression to proliferative DR
- Progression to proliferative DR was not higher in the pregnant group (aHR)
- 0.64 (95% CI 0.32, 1.31)
- Adjusted
Treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) · during and after pregnancy
- Treatment of DME was rare in both groups
Original publication
Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy During and After Pregnancy—A Nationwide Matched-Cohort Study. Diabetes Care. Published 26 August 2025. doi:10.
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