Sex differences in the complications, care and clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes in the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering ( Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) )
Primary result · MACE3Result — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 0.80 95% CI 0.70–0.93Authors' conclusion
This analysis of a large population of individuals with T2D, with or without established CVD, identified between-sex differences in clinical characteristics and care. Despite having worse management of CV risk factors, women had significantly lower rates of important CV events not attributable to the effects of study treatment.
Study context
- Population
- Participants with T2D, with or without cardiovascular disease (CVD), randomized to once-weekly exenatide (EQW) or placebo in EXSCEL
- Participants
- 5,603 vs 9,149
- Comparison
- Women vs men
- Womenn = 5,603
- Menn = 9,149reference
- Primary endpoint
- MACE3: composite of cardiovascular (CV) death, non-fatal MI or non-fatal stroke
- Follow-up
- Median 3.2 years
Methodological detailssex-by-treatment interaction analysis
- Sex-by-treatment interaction analysis
Primary result
MACE3 · median 3.2 years
Adjusted hazard ratio
0.80
95% CI 0.70–0.93
P = 0.003
By group
As reported in the abstract
Further findings
Age at baseline · younger women
P < 0.001
Duration of diabetes · baseline · shorter in women
P = 0.039
Coronary artery disease · baseline
P < 0.001
Coronary artery disease · baseline
- Women had a less favourable metabolic risk profile and lower use of cardioprotective medications
Effect of EQW vs placebo on MACE3 by sex
- No difference in MACE3 with EQW vs placebo, and no evidence of heterogeneity of treatment effect by sex
Original publication
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