Separate and combined effects of empagliflozin and semaglutide on vascular function: A 32‐week randomized trial
Authors' conclusion
Empagliflozin, semaglutide, or their combination did not reduce arterial stiffness. Combination treatment showed a substantial and clinically important reduction in 24-h systolic BP compared with either treatment alone. Combination treatment increased glycaemic time in range without increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2D
- Participants
- 120 patients
- Comparison
- Empagliflozin, semaglutide and their combination vs placebo
- Placebon = 30reference
- Semaglutiden = 30
- Empagliflozinn = 30
- Combinationn = 30
- Primary endpoint
- Change in arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity); co-primary with kidney oxygenation (not reported here)
- Follow-up
- 32 weeks
Methodological detailsfour-group, co-primary outcomes
- Four-group
- Co-primary outcomes
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity
- Did not change significantly in any group vs placebo
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | Decrease (%) (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Urinary albumin to creatinine ratioCombination vs Placebo · decreased with Combination | 36 (4–57) | P = 0.03 |
24-h systolic blood pressure (BP) change, Combination
- Combination significantly superior to placebo and to monotherapy
- P < 0.05
- Reduced by 10 mmHg (95% CI 6-14) with Combination, p < .001
Glycaemic TIR, Combination · baseline to week 32
- TIR increased from 72% at baseline to 91% at week 32 with Combination, p < .001
- 72% to 91%
Safety
Hypoglycaemia (time below range), Combination
- TIR increased without increasing time below range
Original publication
Separate and combined effects of empagliflozin and semaglutide on vascular function: A 32‐week randomized trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 19 January 2024. doi:10.
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