Risk of thyroid cancer associated with glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A population‐based cohort study
Authors' conclusion
GLP-1RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors were not associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with T2D, Korean National Health Insurance Database claims, 2014–2020two cohorts
- Participants
- 21,722 / 326,993 / 904,300 / 112,017
- Exposure
- GLP-1 RA or DPP-4i vs SGLT2i
- GLP-1RAsn = 21,722
- SGLT2 inhibitorsn = 326,993reference
- DPP-4 inhibitorsn = 904,300
- SGLT2 inhibitorsn = 112,017reference
- Outcome
- Time to incident thyroid cancer
Methodological detailsactive comparator new-user design, weighted Cox proportional models
- Active comparator new-user design
- Weighted Cox proportional models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident thyroid cancer
Each group vs SGLT2 inhibitorsEstimate (95% CI)
GLP-1RAsfirst cohort
weighted HR 0.98(0.62–1.53)
DPP-4 inhibitorssecond cohort
HR 0.95(0.79–1.14)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Subgroup analyses
- No significant effect modifications across subgroup analyses
Sensitivity analyses, incl. medullary thyroid cancer as alternative outcome
- Consistent with the primary analysis results
Original publication
Risk of thyroid cancer associated with glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: A population‐based cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 21 September 2023. doi:10.
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