Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation in Type 2 diabetes: A systematic review with meta-analysis and GRADE evaluation
Authors' conclusion
Varenicline appears effective for smoking cessation in T2DM, with an acceptable tolerability profile. Bupropion and NRT show potential efficacy. However, most evidence comes from post hoc analyses in which diabetes was not a predefined variable, warranting cautious interpretation.
Study context
- Population
- Adult smokers with T2D receiving pharmacological treatments for smoking cessation18 studies (19 publications)
- Comparison
- Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation vs control
- Outcome
- Continuous abstinence rates
- Follow-up
- 12 and 24 weeks
Methodological detailsrandom-effects meta-analysis, GRADE evaluation, PubMed and Scopus searched on 7 June 2024, Data extracted independently by two reviewers, Certainty of evidence assessed using GRADE
- Random-effects meta-analysis
- GRADE evaluation
- PubMed and Scopus searched on 7 June 2024
- Data extracted independently by two reviewers
- Certainty of evidence assessed using GRADE
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Pharmacotherapy vs PlaceboOdds ratio (95 % CI)P value
12 weeks
4.17(2.71–6.42)
P < 0.00124 weeks
3.80(2.52–5.72)
P < 0.001Further pooled results
| Outcome | OR (95 % CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Continuous abstinence · 52 weeksVareniclinevs Placebo | 2.84 (1.41–5.69) | P = 0.003 | |
| 0.20.5125Odds ratio (log scale) |
Safety
| Outcome | OR (95 % CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adverse eventsVareniclinevs PlaceboMore frequent with varenicline, not significant | 1.40 (0.98–1.98) | P = 0.06 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation in Type 2 diabetes: A systematic review with meta-analysis and GRADE evaluation. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 26 April 2025. doi:10.
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