Pathologic and radiologic response to neoadjuvant therapy in advanced differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors' conclusion
Neoadjuvant therapy facilitated R0 resection of locally advanced DTC. Lenvatinib induced vascular remodeling and immune infiltration, in contrast to fibrosis primarily seen with dabrafenib/trametinib. These histologic differences may have implications for future therapeutic decision-making.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with initially unresectable, locally advanced differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) treated with neoadjuvant therapy
- Participants
- 9 patients
- Exposure
- Lenvatinib vs dabrafenib/trametinib
- Outcome
- Histopathologic response: tumor fibrosis, tumor necrosis, vascular density and immune cell infiltration
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Histopathologic response
- Therapy-induced tumor fibrosis and necrosis were the predominant changes
- Lenvatinib: marked vascular remodeling, reduced microvessel density, prominent lymphocytic infiltration
- Dabrafenib/trametinib: primarily tumor fibrosis without similar vascular or immune changes
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
Surgical feasibility
- Sufficient tumor regression to allow surgical resection
- 9 of 9 patients
Safety
Tolerability and surgical morbidity
- Neoadjuvant therapy well tolerated; did not increase surgical morbidity
Original publication
Pathologic and radiologic response to neoadjuvant therapy in advanced differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur Thyroid J. Published 24 April 2026. doi:10.
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