Metabolic non-communicable disease health report of India: the ICMR-INDIAB national cross-sectional study (ICMR-INDIAB-17)
Authors' conclusion
The prevalence of diabetes and other metabolic NCDs in India is considerably higher than previously estimated. While the diabetes epidemic is stabilising in the more developed states of the country, it is still increasing in most other states. Thus, there are serious implications for the nation, warranting urgent state-specific policies and interventions to arrest the rapidly rising epidemic of metabolic NCDs in India.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals aged ≥20 years from urban and rural areas of 31 states, union territories and the National Capital Territory of India, 2008–2020
- Participants
- 113,043 individuals
- Exposure
- Rural vs Urban
- Ruraln = 79,506
- Urbann = 33,537
- Outcome
- Weighted prevalence of metabolic NCDs: diabetes, prediabetes, hypertension, generalised and abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia
Methodological detailspopulation-based, stratified multistage sampling, multiphase, Survey conducted in multiple phases between Oct 18, 2008 and Dec 17, 2020, Stratified multistage sampling with three-level stratification by geography, population size and socioeconomic status, Diagnostic criteria: WHO (diabetes, prediabetes), Eighth Joint National Committee (hypertension), WHO Asia Pacific (generalised and abdominal obesity), National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (dyslipidaemia)
- Population-based
- Stratified multistage sampling
- Multiphase
- Survey conducted in multiple phases between Oct 18, 2008 and Dec 17, 2020
- Stratified multistage sampling with three-level stratification by geography, population size and socioeconomic status
- Diagnostic criteria: WHO (diabetes, prediabetes), Eighth Joint National Committee (hypertension), WHO Asia Pacific (generalised and abdominal obesity), National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (dyslipidaemia)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Overall weighted prevalence of metabolic NCDs
- Diabetes (10 151 of 107 119), 95% CI 10.2-12.5
- 11.4%
- Prediabetes (15 496 of 107 119), CI 13.9-16.6
- 15.3%
- Hypertension (35 172 of 111 439), CI 33.8-37.3
- 35.5%
- Generalised obesity (29 861 of 110 368), CI 26.9-30.3
- 28.6%
- Abdominal obesity (40 121 of 108 665), CI 37.7-41.4
- 39.5%
- Dyslipidaemia (14 895 of 18 492 of 25 647), CI 77.9-84.5
- 81.2%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Urban vs rural
- All metabolic non-communicable disease (NCDs) except prediabetes more frequent in urban than rural areas
Diabetes to prediabetes ratio
- Ratio <1 in many states with lower human development index
Original publication
Metabolic non-communicable disease health report of India: the ICMR-INDIAB national cross-sectional study (ICMR-INDIAB-17). Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. Published 7 June 2023. doi:10.
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