Lipids & metabolic liver disease
Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease and sex‐specific risk of fatal and non‐fatal cardiovascular events: A meta‐analysis
Authors' conclusion
Women with MASLD are at higher risk of incident fatal and non-fatal CVD events compared with men, especially as the severity of MASLD increases. These findings emphasize the necessity for sex-specific CVD risk assessment and management strategies.
Study context
- Population
- Adults in observational cohort studies; ≈25% with MASLD, 48% women, mean age 50.2 years; MASLD by biomarkers/scores, ICD codes, imaging or histology
- Participants
- ≈18.5 million adults36 cohort studies
- Comparison
- MASLD vs no MASLD, by sex
- Outcome
- Fatal and/or non-fatal CVD events
- Follow-up
- Median 6.9 years (IQR 5.0-12.3)
Methodological detailsFour databases searched from inception to November 2024, ≈515 000 fatal and/or non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (42% in women)
- Four databases searched from inception to November 2024
- ≈515 000 fatal and/or non-fatal CVD events (42% in women)
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Fatal or non-fatal CVD events, MASLD vs no MASLD, by sex
Fatal or non-fatal CVD events, MASLD vs no MASLD, by sex Women pooled HR 1.59 (95% CI 1.44–1.75) · Men pooled HR 1.37 (95% CI 1.27–1.48)
I2
- Women vs Men: p-value for sex difference = 0.018 — higher MASLD-associated risk in women
Further pooled results
Severe MASLD (variably assessed) and CVD events in women
- Pooled HR
- 2.40 (95% CI 1.73-3.32; I2 = 57.29%)
Original publication
Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease and sex‐specific risk of fatal and non‐fatal cardiovascular events: A meta‐analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 25 June 2025. doi:10.
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