Manual chart review reveals bisphosphonate exposure misclassification in atypical femur fracture patients: auditing medical records in two international cohorts

Osteoporos IntPublished Retrospective cohort study

Authors' conclusion

Misclassification of BP exposure occurs and can substantially affect reported rates of BP-naïve AFF, but it does not fully explain the wide variation observed across studies.

Study context

Population
Patients with atypical femur fracture (AFF) in two population-based cohorts, Sweden and Kaiser Permanente Southern California
Participants
172 vs 306
Exposure
Swedish AFF cohort vs Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) AFF cohort: Bisphosphonate (BP)-naïve proportion before and after manual record review
  • Swedenn = 172
  • KPSCn = 306
Outcome
Proportion of AFF patients without bisphosphonate (BP) exposure (BP-naïve) after manual review of medical and pharmacy records
Methodological detailspopulation-based, manual review of medical records and pharmacy data, two international cohorts
  • Population-based
  • Manual review of medical records and pharmacy data
  • Two international cohorts

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

GroupValueTotalProportion BP-naïve before reviewInitially BP-naïve with evidence of prior BP use
Swedish22.1%172
KPSC2.9%9.520 of 29

Value

Swedish22.1%
KPSC2.9%

Total

Swedish172
KPSC— not stated in the abstract

Proportion BP-naïve before review

Swedish— not stated in the abstract
KPSC9.5

Initially BP-naïve with evidence of prior BP use

Swedish— not stated in the abstract
KPSC20 of 29

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Original publication

Manual chart review reveals bisphosphonate exposure misclassification in atypical femur fracture patients: auditing medical records in two international cohorts. Osteoporos Int. Published 28 July 2026. doi:10.1007/s00198-026-08144-w

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