Lignan Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence Among US Men and Women
Authors' conclusion
This cohort study found that long-term lignan consumption was associated with a lower T2D risk, particularly among individuals with obesity and premenopausal women.
Study context
- Population
- US men and women in Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (1984–2018), NHSII (1991–2019) and HPFS (1986–2020), free of T2D, CVD and cancer at baseline; mean age 44.7 years, 80.2% female; plus 496 Men's Lifestyle Validation Study (MLVS) participants20,291 incident T2D cases
- Participants
- 201,111 men
- Exposure
- Highest vs lowest quintile of lignan intake
- Outcome
- Incident T2D (American Diabetes Association criteria)
Methodological detailsprospective, pooled analysis of NHS, NHSII and HPFS
- Prospective
- Pooled analysis of NHS, NHSII and HPFS
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident T2D, highest vs lowest quintile · over 5 068 689 person-years
Each group vs lowest quintileEstimate (95% CI)
Highest quintile
HR (total lignans) 0.87(0.83–0.91)
Highest quintile
HR (secoisolariciresinol) 0.72(0.69–0.76)
Highest quintile
HR (pinoresinol) 0.92(0.87–0.96)
Highest quintile
HR (matairesinol) 0.93(0.89–0.98)
Highest quintile
HR (lariciresinol) 0.99(0.94–1.04)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Secoisolariciresinol and T2D by BMI
- HR, BMI ≥30
- 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71-0.79)
- HR, BMI <25
- 0.82 (95% CI, 0.81-0.83)
- P for interaction
- P < 0.001 for interaction
Secoisolariciresinol and T2D by menopausal/hormone status
- HR, premenopausal women
- 0.67 (95% CI, 0.65-0.69)
- HR, past use of hormones
- 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76-0.88)
- P for interaction
- P = 0.003 for interaction
Biomarkers by 7DDR-assessed lignan intake (MLVS)
- Lower HbA1c (percentage change range)
- −0.92% to 1.50%
- Lower C-reactive protein and better lipid profiles
Original publication
Lignan Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence Among US Men and Women. JAMA Netw Open. Published 1 August 2024. doi:10.
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