Islet autoantibodies in Thai individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before 30 years of age: a large multicentre nationwide study
An erratum to this article was published (Diabetologia, May 2025 ↗)
Authors' conclusion
The frequency, distribution and characteristics of autoantibody-positive and -negative long-standing type 1 diabetes in Thailand showed uniqueness from other populations. This provides insight into the disease that may have implications for type 1 diabetes prediction, treatment and pathogenesis, especially in the Southeast Asian population.
Study context
- Population
- Thai individuals with long-standing T1D diagnosed before age 30 years, 48 hospitals in Thailand, May 2020 to September 2023
- Participants
- 953 individuals
- Exposure
- Autoantibody-negative vs autoantibody-positive T1D
- Outcome
- Frequency and distribution of islet autoantibodies (GAD65, IA-2, ZnT8; ELISA)
Methodological detailsnationwide population-based, multicentre (48 hospitals)
- Nationwide population-based
- Multicentre (48 hospitals)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Autoantibody-negative T1D
34.2%
GAD65 frequency, all individuals
56%
IA-2 frequency, all individuals
37%
ZnT8 frequency, all individuals
33%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Clinical characteristics
- Autoantibody-negative individuals were older at diagnosis, had higher BMI and higher random C-peptide vs autoantibody-positive
Sex distribution of T1D
- Female vs male prevalence of T1D (higher in females)
- 58% vs 42%; p=1.531 × 10-5
Regional autoantibody frequency
- Southern region showed a distinct autoantibody frequency pattern vs other regions
- P = 0.0001561
Original publication
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