Identification of subtypes of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population and their distinct complication risk profiles
Authors' conclusion
We identified five clinically distinct type 2 diabetes subgroups with differential complication risks in the Chinese population, providing a basis for precision diabetes management.
Study context
- Population
- T2D patients in the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (SSACB; 5653) and the Southwest China Diabetic Chronic Complications Study (6384; validation)5,653 SSACB + 6384 validation
- Exposure
- T2D subgroups compared for complication risks
- Outcome
- Complication risks by subgroup (SSACB)
Methodological detailsk-means clustering by sex, external validation cohort, Clustering on BMI, fasting blood glucose, age at diagnosis and TG/HDL-C ratio; Cox and logistic regression
- K-means clustering by sex
- External validation cohort
- Clustering on BMI, fasting blood glucose, age at diagnosis and TG/HDL-C ratio; Cox and logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
HGDstroke; highest risk
1.37(1.10–1.70)
HGDperipheral vascular disease; highest risk
1.66(1.36–2.03)
HGDretinopathy; highest risk
3.53(2.53–4.90)
HGDperipheral neuropathy; highest risk
1.89(1.56–2.30)
HGDnephropathy; highest risk
1.81(1.41–2.34)
IRDcoronary heart disease; highest risk
1.20(1.01–1.43)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
External validation
- Validation cohort confirmed robustness and reproducibility of subgroups; similar risk patterns
Original publication
Identification of subtypes of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population and their distinct complication risk profiles. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 3 September 2025. doi:10.
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