Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist treatment associated weight fluctuation and influencing factors in patients with overweight or obesity
Authors' conclusion
A longer duration of GLP-1RA treatment, using semaglutide, non-diabetic status and higher PBF might be associated with better weight reduction. Basal metabolic rate, skeletal muscle mass, muscle mass of abdomen and limbs, and serum creatinine were non-linearly associated with the probability of successful weight reduction.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with overweight or obesity who initiated GLP-1 RA treatment between November 2022 and October 2024
- Participants
- 679 patients
- Exposure
- Factors associated with successful vs unsuccessful weight reduction after GLP-1 RA treatment
- Outcome
- Successful weight reduction (weight fluctuation phenotypes dichotomized as successful vs unsuccessful weight reduction)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Factors associated with successful weight reduction (logistic regression)
- Longer duration of GLP-1 RA treatment, 12 months: OR
- 1.014 (1.008-1.019) (95% CI)
- Higher HOMA-β, 12 months: OR
- 4.912 (1.480 to 16.034) (95% CI)
- Non-diabetic status, 6 months: OR
- 2.176 (1.242-3.812) (95% CI)
- Using semaglutide, 6 months: OR
- 2.138 (1.162-3.935) (95% CI)
- Higher percentage body fat, male: OR
- 3.990 (1.118-14.246) (95% CI)
- Higher percentage body fat, female: OR
- 2.266 (1.179-4.354) (95% CI)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Baseline eGFR by phenotype, 3-month follow-up · 3 monthsWeight Regain vs other two groups | P = 0.009 |
- Baseline eGFR by phenotype, 3-month follow-up: higher baseline eGFR with Weight Regain, especially in prediabetes; P in prediabetes
Non-linear associations with probability of successful weight reduction
- J-shaped associations of basal metabolic rate, skeletal muscle mass, abdominal and limb muscle mass within 6 months
- Positive non-linear association of serum creatinine within 12 months
Original publication
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist treatment associated weight fluctuation and influencing factors in patients with overweight or obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 9 July 2025. doi:10.
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