Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2021: Results from the global burden of disease study 2021
Authors' conclusion
The global CKD burden continues to rise, with substantial disparities across regions, ages, genders, and socioeconomic levels.
Study context
- Population
- Global, regional and national CKD burden, 1990–2021, Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database
Methodological detailsEstimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and Joinpoint regression, decomposition analysis
- EAPC and Joinpoint regression
- Decomposition analysis
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Global CKD burden · 2021
People affected by CKD globally
674 million
New cases
19.93 million
Deaths
1.528 million
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)
44.45 million
Further findings
Annual increase in global ASR, 1990–2021
- Incidence ASR annual increase (p < 0.05)
- 0.64
- Mortality ASR annual increase (p < 0.05)
- 0.82
- DALY ASR annual increase (p < 0.05)
- 0.37
- All p < 0.05
Burden by Socio-Demographic Index (SDI)
- Correlation of incidence EAPC with SDI (p = 0.012)
- R = −0.135
- High-SDI regions showed the fastest growth in mortality and DALY burden; low-SDI regions, despite higher overall burden, showed declines in some indicators
- CKD burden showed a nonlinear association with SDI
Decomposition of rising CKD burden
- Population growth contribution
- 54.75%
- Aging contribution
- 26.71%
Original publication
Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2021: Results from the global burden of disease study 2021. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 15 July 2026. doi:10.
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