Global burden, trends and inequalities for ischaemic heart disease attributable to high fasting plasma glucose, high low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high systolic blood pressure, 1990–2021: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors' conclusion
The HFPG-related IHD burden should be managed differently from HSBP and HLDL. Particular attention should be paid to men, older age groups and regions with low-middle SDI.
Study context
- Population
- Global ischaemic heart disease (IHD) data attributable to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG), high low-density lipoprotein (HLDL) and high systolic blood pressure (HSBP), GBD 2021, 1990–2021
- Comparison
- IHD burden attributable to HFPG vs HLDL vs HSBP
- Outcome
- Trend in age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rate (age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR)) of IHD, EAPC
- Follow-up
- 1990 to 2021
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
HSBP
−1.28
Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) · 95% CI −1.34–-1.23
HLDL
−1.38
EAPC · 95% CI −1.44–-1.33
HFPG
−0.90
EAPC · 95% CI −2.25–0.46
Further findings
Burden by sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI) and region
- Absolute burden higher in men under 80 and peaked 5-10 years earlier than in women
- HFPG caused a significant increase in burden in low-middle and low SDI regions vs HSBP and HLDL
- High-middle SDI region, originally highest burden, declined after 2005 and was gradually overtaken by low-middle region
- Eastern Europe, Central Asia, North Africa and the Middle East had the highest burden among regions with the same SDI level in Europe, Asia and Africa
Original publication
Global burden, trends and inequalities for ischaemic heart disease attributable to high fasting plasma glucose, high low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high systolic blood pressure, 1990–2021: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 17 February 2025. doi:10.
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