Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes After GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Discontinuation
Main finding · Gestational weight gainResult — go to the resultDifference 3.3 kg 95% CI 2.3–4.2Authors' conclusion
In a cohort composed primarily of women with obesity, GLP-1RA use with subsequent prepregnancy or early pregnancy discontinuation was associated with more gestational weight gain and a higher risk of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Study context
- Population
- Singleton pregnancies delivered June 1, 2016–March 31, 2025, single academic health system; exposed: mean age 34.0 years, prepregnancy BMI 36.1, 84% obesity, 23% preexisting diabetesmatched
- Participants
- 1,792 pregnancies
- Exposure
- GLP-1 RA exposure before or during early pregnancy vs no exposure
- GLP-1RA-exposedn = 448
- Unexposedn = 1,344reference
- Outcome
- Gestational weight gain
Methodological detailssingle academic health system, propensity score matched 1:3
- Single academic health system
- Propensity score matched 1:3
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Difference
3.3 kg
95% CI 2.3–4.2
P < 0.001
By group
GLP-1RA-exposedvs Unexposed
difference 3.3 kg (95% CI 2.3–4.2); P < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | GLP-1RA-exposed | Unexposed | RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excess gestational weight gain | 65% | 49% | 1.32 (1.19–1.47) | |
| Preterm delivery | 17% | 13% | 1.34 (1.06–1.69) | |
| Gestational diabetes | 20% | 15% | 1.30 (1.01–1.68) | |
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy | 46% | 36% | 1.29 (1.12–1.49) | |
| 0.512Relative risk (log scale) |
Mean
| Outcome | GLP-1RA-exposed | Unexposed | Difference (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean birth weight percentile | 58.4% | 54.8% | 3.6% (0.2%–6.9%) | |
| −50510Difference (linear scale) |
Birth length, LGA/SGA birth weight, cesarean delivery
- No difference in birth length, risk of large or small for gestational age birth weight, or cesarean delivery
Original publication
Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes After GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Discontinuation. JAMA. Published 23 December 2025. doi:10.
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