Geospatial clustering of type 1 diabetes in Sweden: a cohort study based on all residential locations from birth to diagnosis
Authors' conclusion
Our findings suggest that the development of type 1 diabetes in Sweden varies geographically and is associated with specific features of the local surroundings in early childhood. This is important knowledge as a basis for identifying possible environmental risk factors and the relationship with risk of type 1 diabetes in future studies.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals aged 0–30 years diagnosed with T1D in Sweden, 2005–2022; all residential locations from birth to diagnosis geocoded
- Participants
- 21,774 individuals
- Outcome
- Geographical variation in T1D incidence; high- and low-risk clusters by life stage exposure window (at diagnosis, first 5 years after birth, 5 years prior to diagnosis, birth to diagnosis)
Methodological detailsgeospatial analysis, spatial scan statistics, municipality level
- Geospatial analysis
- Spatial scan statistics
- Municipality level
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Largest number of high-risk clusters with most common residential location during first 5 years after birth (RR range)
RR 1.29-16.0
Largest number of low-risk clusters with most common residential location during first 5 years after birth (RR range)
RR 0.32-0.73
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Land use and land cover within clusters (first 5 years after birth window)
- High-risk clusters characterised by forested and agricultural land; low-risk clusters by urban land and open land other than agricultural land
Original publication
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