Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in the cascade of type 2 diabetes care trends among middle-aged and older Chinese
Main finding · T2DM prevalenceResult — go to the resultAdjusted odds ratio 1.09-1.17Authors' conclusion
Rising T2DM prevalence, persistent SES disparities, and widening gender gaps highlight the need for targeted interventions-particularly for women, low-SES individuals, and treatment-stage improvement.
Study context
- Population
- Middle-aged and older Chinese adults, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), 2011–2020per wave
- Participants
- 11,059-14,789 participants
- Exposure
- Women vs men; socioeconomic status
- Outcome
- T2DM care cascade: prevalence, awareness, treatment and control
- Follow-up
- 2011-2020
Methodological detailsfive waves (2011-2020), nationally based longitudinal survey data (CHARLS)
- Five waves (2011-2020)
- Nationally based longitudinal survey data (CHARLS)
Main finding
T2DM prevalence
Adjusted odds ratio
1.09-1.17
By group
Women
12.8 % to 22.4 %
Men
12.0 % to 21.5 %
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | aOR |
|---|---|
| Awareness · 2011-2020 | 1.18-1.31 |
Awareness · 2011-2020
- Awareness increased over time, particularly among women
- Socioeconomic inequalities in awareness narrowed
Treatment
- Patients remaining untreated
- over 60 %
- Socioeconomic inequalities widened in women's treatment (relative index (RII))
- 1.22-1.45
- Persistent socioeconomic status (SES) disparities in treatment
Control
- Control rates showed little gender or SES difference
Original publication
Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in the cascade of type 2 diabetes care trends among middle-aged and older Chinese. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 19 November 2025. doi:10.
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