Evolving Genetic Influences on Infant Growth: Linking Polygenic Scores, IGF-I, and Growth in Infancy
Authors' conclusion
Genetic influences on growth evolve during infancy. Although the influence of genetic variants associated with birth size diminishes after birth, polygenic scores for adult traits and IGF-I regulation become increasingly relevant-already during early infancy-highlighting a dynamic transition in the genetic architecture underlying infant growth.
Study context
- Population
- Healthy, term, singleton newborns; COPENHAGEN Minipuberty Study (2016–2018)101 female
- Participants
- 210 participants
- Outcome
- Age-specific SDS for weight, length/height and IGF-I serum levels; associations with PGSs and IGF-I levels across infancy
- Follow-up
- First year of life
Methodological detailspopulation-based, repeated anthropometric and hormonal assessments during the first year of life
- Population-based
- Repeated anthropometric and hormonal assessments during the first year of life
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- PGS for birth weight associated with birthweight SD scores (SDS)
- P < 0.001
- PGS for birth weight not associated with weight SDS at ∼1 year
- P = .07
- PGS for adult BMI associated with weight SDS at ∼1 year
- P = .03
- PGS for adult height associated with height SDS at ∼1 year
- P < .001
- PGS for adult IGF-I significantly associated with IGF-I SDS at 6 and 12 months
- P < .001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Evolving Genetic Influences on Infant Growth: Linking Polygenic Scores, IGF-I, and Growth in Infancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 23 October 2025. doi:10.
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