EMBARK: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing Three Approaches to Reducing Diabetes Distress and Improving HbA1c in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
DD can be successfully reduced among individuals with T1D with elevated HbA1c using both the educational/behavioral and emotion-focused approaches included in the study. Although both approaches are associated with significant and clinically meaningful reductions in DD and HbA1c, TunedIn, the emotion-focused program, had the most consistent benefits across both DD and HbA1c. The study findings suggest the overall value of group-based, fully virtual, and time-limited emotion-focused strategies, like those used in TunedIn, for adults with T1D.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T1D with elevated diabetes distress (total T1-DDS score >2) and HbA1c >7.5%
- Participants
- 276 adults
- Comparison
- Streamline vs TunedIn vs FixIt
- Primary endpoint
- Diabetes distress (DD) and HbA1c
- Follow-up
- Baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months
Methodological detailsthree-arm, virtual group-based programs, multiple settings
- Three-arm
- Virtual group-based programs
- Multiple settings
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
All three programs: substantive and sustained diabetes distress (DD) reductions (Cohen's d)
0.58-1.14
All three programs: HbA1c reductions (range)
−0.4 to −0.72
Original publication
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