Effects of Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide on β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Glucose Control During a Meal Test
Authors' conclusion
These results suggest that the greater glycemic control observed for tirzepatide manifests as improved fasting glucose and glucose excursion control, due to improvements in ISR, insulin sensitivity, and glucagon suppression.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2D treated with metformin
- Comparison
- Tirzepatide 15 mg vs semaglutide 1 mg vs placebo
- Primary endpoint
- Main outcome measures: glycemic control, model-derived β-cell function indices (insulin secretion rate (ISR) at 7.2-mmol/L glucose [ISR7.2], β-CGS), insulin sensitivity and estimated hepatic insulin-to-glucagon ratio
- Follow-up
- 28 weeks
Methodological detailsdouble-blind, placebo-controlled, 2 clinical research centers in Germany, model-based analyses of mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) data
- Double-blind
- Placebo-controlled
- 2 clinical research centers in Germany
- Model-based analyses of MMTT data
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Glycemic control, β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, glucagon (MMTT)
- Incremental glucose AUC did not differ significantly between treatments; greater total glucose AUC reduction with tirzepatide mainly due to greater fasting glucose suppression
- MMTT-derived β-CGS increased but not significantly different between treatments
- Both treatments reduced fasting glucagon and total glucagon AUC
- Estimated hepatic insulin-to-glucagon ratio did not change substantially with either treatment
- Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide: P < 0.01
- Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide: P < 0.01
- Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide: P < 0.01
- Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide: P < 0.05
- Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide: P < 0.01
Original publication
Effects of Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide on β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, and Glucose Control During a Meal Test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 26 May 2024. doi:10.
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