Dose‐Normalised Time in Range ( dn‐Time in Range (TIR) ) Improves Following Hybrid Closed‐Loop ( HCL ) Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes: A Real‐World Cohort Study From Australia and the United Kingdom
Authors' conclusion
HCL/AID therapy improved TIR relative to TDD in two real-world cohorts.
Study context
- Population
- People with T1D commencing HCL/AID therapy in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK)
- Participants
- 86 vs 288
- Exposure
- Before vs after commencing HCL/AID therapy
- Australian = 86
- UKn = 288
- Outcome
- Dose-normalised time in range (dn-TIR) (TIR 3.9-10.0 mmol/L divided by TDD) and its log relative change Δdn-TIR = log[(TIR/TDD)post/(TIR/TDD)pre]
Methodological detailstwo-cohort, real-world
- Two-cohort
- Real-world
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Δdn-TIR
Australia
0.224
median · IQR −0.033–0.583
UK
0.194
median · IQR −0.097–0.541
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
TIR, Australia (pre to post)
- TIR increased from 53.2% ± 20.7% to 70.4% ± 14.6% (n = 86)
- P < 0.001
Mean TDD, Australia (pre to post)
- Mean TDD changed from 53.3 to 52.0 units/day (n = 86)
- P = 0.724
TIR, UK (pre to post)
- TIR increased from a median 54% [34, 68] to 66% [54, 74] (n = 257)
- P < 0.001
Mean TDD, UK (pre to post)
- Mean TDD changed from 44.1 to 46.3 units/day (n = 242)
- P = 0.152
Original publication
Dose‐Normalised Time in Range ( dn‐TIR ) Improves Following Hybrid Closed‐Loop ( HCL ) Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes: A Real‐World Cohort Study From Australia and the United Kingdom. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 9 September 2026. doi:10.
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