Discovery and validation of plasma, saliva and multi-fluid plasma–saliva metabolomic scores predicting insulin resistance and diabetes progression or regression among Puerto Rican adults
An erratum to this article was published (Diabetologia, Sep 2024 ↗)
Authors' conclusion
The plasma metabolomic score predicting insulin resistance was more strongly associated with incident type 2 diabetes than the saliva metabolomic score. Only the saliva metabolomic score was associated with incident prediabetes.
Study context
- Population
- Puerto Rican adults from the San Juan Overweight Adults Longitudinal Studytraining set 509, testing set 340
- Exposure
- Plasma, saliva and multi-fluid plasma–saliva metabolomic scores predicting insulin resistance (per SD increase)
- Plasman = 1,051
- Salivan = 635
- Outcome
- Incident T2D
- Follow-up
- 3 years
Methodological detailsmetabolomic score discovery (training set) and validation (testing set), elastic net regression, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models
- Metabolomic score discovery (training set) and validation (testing set)
- Elastic net regression
- Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident T2D (n=54), HR per SD increase in score
| Group | HR per SD | 95% CI | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma | 1.99 | 1.18, 3.38 | p=0.01 |
| Multi-fluid | 1.80 | 1.06, 3.07 | p=0.03 |
HR per SD
Plasma1.99
Multi-fluid1.80
95% CI
Plasma1.18, 3.38
Multi-fluid1.06, 3.07
p
Plasmap=0.01
Multi-fluidp=0.03
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Plasma | Saliva | Multi-fluid |
|---|---|---|---|
| Incident prediabetes (n=130), HR per SD increase in score · 3 years | |||
| HR per SD | — not stated in the abstract | 1.48 | — not stated in the abstract |
| 95% CI | — not stated in the abstract | 1.17, 1.86 | — not stated in the abstract |
| p | — not stated in the abstract | p=0.001 | — not stated in the abstract |
| Regression from prediabetes to normoglycaemia (n=122), adjusted for adiposity · 3 years | |||
| HR | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.72 |
— not stated in the abstract
Incident prediabetes (n=130), HR per SD increase in score · 3 years
- Only the saliva score was associated with incident prediabetes
Regression from prediabetes to normoglycaemia (n=122), adjusted for adiposity · 3 years
- All three scores significantly associated with lower likelihood of regression; attenuated when adjusting for lipid and glycaemic measures
Score composition
- Highly weighted metabolites from fructose, tyrosine, lipid and amino acid metabolism
Original publication
Discovery and validation of plasma, saliva and multi-fluid plasma–saliva metabolomic scores predicting insulin resistance and diabetes progression or regression among Puerto Rican adults. Diabetologia. Published 21 May 2024. doi:10.
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