Cranial Nerve Affection in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Assessed by Corneal Confocal Microscopy, Smell and Taste Tests
Authors' conclusion
Up to 29% of adolescents with T1D had abnormal test scores indicating cranial nerve affection. Lower corneal nerve fiber density and reduced ability to taste sweet were found in adolescents with T1D compared to control subjects. Clinical attention to smell and taste function seems important because it requires intervention for advising adolescents with impaired smell and taste function.
Study context
- Population
- Adolescents (15-<19 years) with T1D (mean diabetes duration 9.8 years, mean HbA1c 61 mmol/mol) and healthy age-matched controls
- Participants
- 60 vs 23
- Exposure
- Adolescents with T1D vs healthy controls
- T1Dn = 60
- Controlsn = 23reference
- Outcome
- Cranial nerve affection: CCM, smell and taste tests
Methodological detailsage-matched controls, part of the T1DANES study
- Age-matched controls
- Part of the T1DANES study
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Two or more reduced corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) parameters
24%
Reduced smell test
12%
Abnormal taste test
23%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Risk factors for cranial nerve affection
- Higher waist to height ratio (WHtR) was the only risk factor for reduced corneal nerve fiber density
- Higher BMI-SDS and WHtR associated with impaired taste function
- Abnormal smell test increased risk of abnormal taste perception, and vice versa
Original publication
Cranial Nerve Affection in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Assessed by Corneal Confocal Microscopy, Smell and Taste Tests. Pediatr Diabetes. Published 31 March 2023. doi:10.
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