Comparison of Semaglutide or Dulaglutide Versus Empagliflozin for Risk for Death and Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes : Two Target Trial Emulation Studies
Main finding · Composite of death, MI or stroke (semaglutide vs empagliflozin)Result — go to the resultHazard ratio 0.89 95% CI 0.78–1.02Authors' conclusion
Semaglutide treatment seems to confer some advantage over empagliflozin. This advantage was not observed for dulaglutide.
Study context
- Population
- Patients aged ≥45 years with T2D treated 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2024; health care system of 703 academic and community clinical practices
- Exposure
- Semaglutide or dulaglutide vs empagliflozin
- Semaglutiden = 7,899
- Empagliflozinn = 7,899reference
- Outcome
- Composite of:
- Death
- MI
- Stroke
Methodological detailsobservational, propensity score-matched
- Observational
- Propensity score-matched
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Composite of:
- Death
- MI
- Stroke (semaglutide vs empagliflozin)
Hazard ratio
0.89
95% CI 0.78–1.02
By group
Semaglutide
20.99 per 1000 person-years
Empagliflozin
23.56 per 1000 person-years
Semaglutidevs Empagliflozin
HR 0.89 (95% CI 0.78–1.02)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Composite of death, MI or stroke: dulaglutidevs empagliflozin | 1.03 (0.90–1.16) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | Semaglutide | Empagliflozin |
|---|---|---|
| Composite of death, MI or stroke: cumulative rates · 2 years | 3.7% | 4.5% |
| Composite of death, MI or stroke: cumulative rates · 3 years | 5.9% | 6.9% |
Individual outcomes: death, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke (semaglutide comparison)
- HR for death
- 0.97 (CI, 0.81 to 1.15)
- HR for MI
- 0.85 (CI, 0.68 to 1.05)
- HR for stroke
- 0.62 (CI, 0.43 to 0.89)
Composite of death, MI or stroke: dulaglutide vs empagliflozin
- Risks similar for death, MI and stroke separately (dulaglutide vs empagliflozin)
Original publication
Comparison of Semaglutide or Dulaglutide Versus Empagliflozin for Risk for Death and Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes : Two Target Trial Emulation Studies. Ann Intern Med. Published 17 June 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →