Comparison of the metabolic profiles and their cardiovascular event risks of metformin users versus insulin users. A cohort study of people with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank
Authors' conclusion
Metformin and insulin users have different metabolic profiles and a consistent pattern emerged that the metabolic profile of metformin users is favorable compared to the one of insulin users due to a lower associated MACE risk.
Study context
- Population
- People with T2D from the UK Biobank on metformin or insulin monotherapy
- Participants
- 3,058 vs 558
- Exposure
- Metformin monotherapy vs insulin monotherapy
- Metformin-onlyn = 3,058
- Insulin-onlyn = 558
- Outcome
- Metabolic profiles (249 metabolites) and associations with MACE
Methodological detailsUK Biobank, Metabolites compared with Cohen's d; associations with MACE by Cox regression; interaction terms tested
- UK Biobank
- Metabolites compared with Cohen's d; associations with MACE by Cox regression; interaction terms tested
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Metabolomic biomarkers significantly associated with MACE in insulin-only users
75
Metabolomic biomarkers significantly associated with MACE in metformin-only users
57
Significant treatment interaction: lipids/fatty acids, all significantly associated with MACE among insulin users only
86
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Comparison of the metabolic profiles and their cardiovascular event risks of metformin users versus insulin users. A cohort study of people with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 21 March 2025. doi:10.
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