Comparative healthcare resource utilization and costs of empagliflozin and GLP ‐1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Among adults with diabetes, empagliflozin was associated with similar rates of inpatient days, hospitalizations, ED, and office visits, with lower dispensed medication rates compared with GLP-1RA. Empagliflozin initiators incurred lower total costs, driven by lower glucose-lowering medication costs.
Study context
- Population
- Adults (≥18 years) with T2D, US Medicare and commercial claims (08/2014–09/2019)146,341 matched pairs
- Exposure
- Empagliflozin vs GLP-1 RA
- Outcome
- Healthcare resource utilization (rate ratios) and costs per member per year
Methodological detailspropensity score matching on 143 baseline covariates, US Medicare and commercial claims
- Propensity score matching on 143 baseline covariates
- US Medicare and commercial claims
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Relative risk (dispensed medication classes)
0.91 to 0.95
Empagliflozin vs GLP-1RA · range across most databases; RDs from −1246 to −709 per 1000 PY; lower with empagliflozin
Per member per year (PMPY) ratio (total costs)
0.93 to 0.97
Between Empagliflozin and GLP-1RA · range; differences from -$1425 to -$847; lower with empagliflozin
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | PMPY ratio |
|---|---|
| Pharmacy costs (glucose-lowering medications) | 0.91 to 0.95 |
- Pharmacy costs (glucose-lowering medications): range; PMPY differences from -$799 to -$441; lower with empagliflozin
Inpatient and outpatient costs
- Inpatient and outpatient costs comparable between treatments
Original publication
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