Comparative effectiveness of once-weekly (OW) GLP-1 RAs and other glucose-lowering therapies among Medicare beneficiaries with T2D and ASCVD
Main finding · CV eventsResult — go to the resultHR range 0.72 to 0.88Authors' conclusion
The study findings corroborate current guideline recommendations for GLP-1 RAs in people with T2D and ASCVD, and extend findings to lower HCRU and costs in a real-world setting, most notably for semaglutide.
Study context
- Population
- Medicare beneficiaries with T2D and ASCVD
- Participants
- 398,470 beneficiaries
- Exposure
- OW GLP-1 RAs vs other non-insulin glucose-lowering therapies
- Outcome
- Incidence rates of CV outcomes, and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs
Methodological detailspropensity score matched, Medicare fee-for-service claims data (2006-2022)
- Propensity score matched
- Medicare fee-for-service claims data (2006-2022)
Main finding
CV events
HR range
0.72 to 0.88
P < 0.05 for all
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | IRR (95 % CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASCVD-related total medical visits | 0.91 (0.90–0.93) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.512Incidence rate ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | Estimate | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Total medical costs | mean cost ratio 0.88 (95 % CI 0.86–0.91) | P < 0.001 |
| CV outcomes, semaglutide vs SGLT2is and DPP-4isSemaglutide vs SGLT2is | HR range 0.80 to 0.85 | P < 0.05 for all |
| CV outcomes, semaglutide vs SGLT2is and DPP-4isSemaglutide vs DPP-4is | HR range 0.58 to 0.73 | P < 0.001 for all |
Cardiovascular (CV) outcomes, semaglutide vs SGLT2is and DPP-4is
- Among OW GLP-1 RAs, semaglutide had the lowest risk of all CV outcomes
Original publication
Comparative effectiveness of OW GLP-1 RAs and other glucose-lowering therapies among Medicare beneficiaries with T2D and ASCVD. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 9 September 2025. doi:10.
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