Type 2 & other diabetes

Cardiovascular, kidney related, and weight loss effects of therapeutics for type 2 diabetes: a living clinical practice guideline

BMJPublished Living clinical practice guideline

Methodological detailsGRADE approach, linked living systematic review and network meta-analysis, BMJ Rapid Recommendations, Evidence updated to 31 July 2024, First version of the living guideline, International panel incl. two patient partners, clinicians and methodologists
  • GRADE approach
  • Linked living systematic review and network meta-analysis
  • BMJ Rapid Recommendations
  • Evidence updated to 31 July 2024
  • First version of the living guideline
  • International panel incl. two patient partners, clinicians and methodologists

Recommendations

As issued by the authors

  1. weak recommendation against

    Lower risk (≤3 cardiovascular risk factors without established cardiovascular disease (CVD) or chronic kidney disease (CKD)): against SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 RA

  2. weak recommendation in favour

    Moderate risk (>3 cardiovascular risk factors without established CVD or CKD; or established CVD and/or CKD at lower risk of complications): in favour of SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 RA

  3. weak recommendation against

    Moderate risk: against finerenone in adults with CKD

  4. strong recommendation in favour

    Higher risk (established CVD and/or CKD at higher risk of complications, or established HF): in favour of SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1 RA

  5. weak recommendation in favour

    Higher risk: in favour of finerenone in adults with CKD

  6. weak recommendation in favour

    Across risk strata: in favour of tirzepatide in adults with obesity

Original publication

Cardiovascular, kidney related, and weight loss effects of therapeutics for type 2 diabetes: a living clinical practice guideline. BMJ. Published 14 August 2025. doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-082071

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