Biomarkers Driving Precision Medicine in Nonfunctioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature
Authors' conclusion
Overall, the lineage-aligned synthesis indicates that NF-PitNETs progress through diverse molecular pathways, with each subtype dominated by distinct regulatory networks.
Study context
- Population
- Nonfunctioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PitNETs)29 primary studies
- Outcome
- Molecular biomarkers by theme
Methodological detailsPRISMA 2020, Scopus and Web of Science
- PRISMA 2020
- Scopus and Web of Science
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- Invasion/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT): gonadotroph tumors showed the strongest EMT-linked activity (SNAI-mediated transitions, Vimentin upregulation, β-catenin alterations)
- Corticotroph tumors showed intermediate EMT involvement; null-cell tumors' invasion driven mainly by hypoxia-related protease dysregulation rather than EMT
- Noncoding RNA/circulating markers: exosomal miR-486-5p, miR-151a-5p and exosomal MMP1 showed diagnostic or prognostic value; subtype specificity limited
- Multiomics/epigenetic: gonadotroph tumors associated with PI3K-AKT pathway enrichment and SF-1 labeling heterogeneity; recurrent lesions showed elevated nuclear pEGFR T693 and MCM7; DNA methylation identified NUP93, LGALS1, GABRA1 loci
- Phosphoproteomic and acetylomic profiling: alterations in metabolic, kinase-driven and cell-adhesion pathways linked to invasion and recurrence
Original publication
Biomarkers Driving Precision Medicine in Nonfunctioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 4 December 2025. doi:10.
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