Baseline levels and dynamic trajectories of fasting C peptide to blood glucose ratio predict the risk of combined vascular damage in type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal cohort study
Main finding · CVP risk per higher baseline F-CPIResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 0.23Authors' conclusion
In T2DM, maintaining high baseline and long-term cumF-CPI was independently associated with reduced CVP risk. Visceral obesity appeared to significantly attenuate this protective association.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2D followed for 3.85 years
- Participants
- 1,080 patients
- Exposure
- Higher vs lower baseline and cumulative fasting C-peptide index
- Outcome
- Vascular phenotypes (VHP, IMaP, IMiP, CVP) in relation to baseline and dynamic F-CPI trajectories
- Follow-up
- 3.85 years
Main finding
CVP risk per higher baseline F-CPI
Odds ratio
0.23
P < 0.001
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Effect modification by fat accumulation | P for interaction < 0.05 |
- Effect modification by fat accumulation: fat accumulation significantly weakened the protection of fasting C-peptide index (F-CPI) against combined vascular phenotype (CVP)
Cumulative F-CPI and fluctuation patterns
- Higher cumF-CPI reduced the risks of CVP and isolated microvascular phenotype (IMiP)
- Poorly controlled F-CPI fluctuation patterns increased both risks
- HbA1c only partially mediated the protective effect against CVP
- Combining outcomes into a single composite endpoint masked these specific associations
Original publication
Baseline levels and dynamic trajectories of fasting C peptide to blood glucose ratio predict the risk of combined vascular damage in type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal cohort study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 30 June 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →