Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127 594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Diets with a high glycaemic index and a high glycaemic load were associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a multinational cohort spanning five continents. Our findings suggest that consuming low glycaemic index and low glycaemic load diets might prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged 35–70 years from 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE); diet assessed at baseline with country-specific validated food frequency questionnaires
- Participants
- 127,594 adults
- Exposure
- Highest vs lowest quintile of glycaemic index and glycaemic load
- Outcome
- Incident T2D
- Follow-up
- Median 11.8 years (IQR 9.0-13.0)
Methodological detailsmultinational, 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries, multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts for study centre
- Multinational
- 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries
- Multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts for study centre
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident T2D (7326 [5.7%] cases) · median follow-up 11.8 years
Quintile 5 vs Quintile 1Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Glycaemic index; multivariable adjusted
1.15(1.03–1.29)
Glycaemic load
1.21(1.06–1.37)
- Incident T2D cases
- 7326 (5.7%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glycaemic index and T2D by BMI subgroupQuintile 5vs Quintile 1Higher BMI | 1.23 (1.08–1.41) | P for interaction = 0.030 | |
| Glycaemic index and T2D by BMI subgroupQuintile 5vs Quintile 1Lower BMI | 1.10 (0.87–1.39) | P for interaction = 0.030 | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127 594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. Published 5 April 2024. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →