Associations between diabetes and cancer: A 10-year national population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Screening activities should be revised and the guidelines on diabetes should be complemented with recommendations on cancer prevention also considering that the cancer incidence is highest around the time of the diagnosis of diabetes. For prostate cancer, our results contradict many previous studies, and further research is recommended to clarify this.
Study context
- Population
- National population, service utilisation and antidiabetic dispensing data, 2010–2021
- Participants
- 3,681,774 participants
- Exposure
- People with diabetes vs population without diabetes
- Outcome
- Time to cancer diagnosis, by cancer site
Methodological detailsnational, population-based
- National
- Population-based
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cancer diagnosis by site
Diabetes vs ControlsHazard ratio (99 % CI)
Pancreatic cancer
2.294(2.099–2.507)
Liver cancer
1.830(1.631–2.054)
Breast cancer
1.137(1.055–1.227)
Prostate cancer
1.171(1.071–1.280)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Cancer rate, age 40-54 years
Cancer rate, age 70-89 years
| Outcome | Diabetes | Controls |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer incidence · year after the start of the inclusion date | 195/10,000 population | 114/10,000 population |
Cancer incidence · year after the start of the inclusion date
- Incidence starts to increase before diabetes diagnosis, peaks in the year after, then drops close to controls
Sex differences
- No consistent results whether diabetes increases cancer risk differently in males and females
Original publication
Associations between diabetes and cancer: A 10-year national population-based retrospective cohort study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 9 April 2024. doi:10.
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