A systematic literature review on the burden of diabetic ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors' conclusion
DKA is associated with a high clinical burden in people living with T2DM. Resources to screen for and potentially prevent DKA may reduce the burden of DKA for patients with T2DM and the healthcare system.
Study context
- Population
- People living with T2D; clinical trials and observational studies published 1 January 2014–14 December 2023 (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane library)197 publications
- Outcome
- DKA prevalence and incidence in T2D
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) prevalence (126 publications)
0.0%-50.0%; 5th-95th percentile: 0.02%-26%
DKA incidence (37 publications)
0.0-24.5 events per 1000 patient years; 5th-95th percentile: 0.004-7.6 events per 1000 patient years
Further findings
Risk groups and precipitating factors
- Increased DKA risk with SGLT2i use, insulin use and poor glycaemic control
- Most common precipitating factors: infection and non-adherence to treatment
Clinical and humanistic burden
- Limited evidence on humanistic burden; high burden of complications incl. acute kidney injury or failure
- Hospital LOS ranged from days to several weeks
Original publication
A systematic literature review on the burden of diabetic ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 3 March 2025. doi:10.
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