Use of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: Scandinavian Cohort Study
Main finding · Incident Parkinson's diseaseResult — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 0.81 95% CI 0.68–0.96Authors' conclusion
In this large observational cohort study, use of GLP-1 receptor agonists compared with sulfonylureas was associated with a lower risk of incident Parkinson's disease.
Study context
- Population
- New users aged ≥45 years, Denmark, Norway and Sweden; mean age 65 years, 43% female; liraglutide 72.9% of GLP-1 RA follow-up time
- Participants
- 158,961 vs 188,065
- Exposure
- GLP-1 RA vs sulfonylureas
- GLP-1 receptor agonistsn = 158,961
- Sulfonylureasn = 188,065reference
- Outcome
- Incident Parkinson's disease: first-ever diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (ICD-10 G20) or Parkinson's disease dementia (ICD-10 F02.3) in national patient registers
Methodological detailsnationwide registers in Denmark, Norway and Sweden, active-comparator, new-user design, propensity score weighting
- Nationwide registers in Denmark, Norway and Sweden
- Active-comparator, new-user design
- Propensity score weighting
Main finding
Incident Parkinson's disease
Adjusted hazard ratio
0.81
95% CI 0.68–0.96
By group
GLP-1 RA
5.2 per 10 000 person-years
Sulfonylureas
8.0 per 10 000 person-years
GLP-1 RAvs Sulfonylureas
adjusted HR 0.81 (95% CI 0.68–0.96)
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Incident Parkinson's disease, 2-year lag-time analysis
- HR, 2-year lag-time analysis
- 0.84 (95% CI 0.70-1.02)
- Results were consistent
Incident Parkinson's disease, excluding or censoring users of DPP-4i at cohort entry or during follow-up
- HR, after excluding or censoring DPP-4i users
- 0.74 (95% CI 0.60-0.93)
- Results were consistent
Incident Parkinson's disease, subgroup analyses by sex and age
- Results were consistent in subgroup analyses by sex and age
Original publication
Use of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: Scandinavian Cohort Study. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 17 April 2026. doi:10.
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