Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and clinical profile of lean type 2 diabetes mellitus in Africa
Authors' conclusion
This review revealed a high prevalence of lean T2DM in Africa and identified unique clinical and biochemical characteristics. The findings suggest a potential need for more tailored approaches in assessing this phenotype, which remains underrepresented in current guidelines. Larger, well-designed studies are needed to strengthen the evidence base and inform effective treatment strategies.
Study context
- Population
- African adults with lean T2D (body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m²)11 observational studies
- Outcome
- Prevalence of lean T2D
Methodological detailsData analysed using STATA 18
- Data analysed using STATA 18
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Pooled prevalence of lean T2D in African populations
Pooled prevalence
38.5 %
95% CI 26.8%–50.9%; I2 = 96.71%p < 0.001
Further pooled results
Clinical characteristics
- Mean age
- 48.35 years
- Pooled mean BMI
- 25.45 kg/m²
HbA1c
- Pooled median HbA1c, raised
- 9.34 % (95% CI 8.60-10.08%; I2 = 97.44%, p < 0.001)
Insulin resistance
- Insulin resistance was low, as indicated by HOMA2-IR levels
Original publication
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and clinical profile of lean type 2 diabetes mellitus in Africa. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 5 August 2025. doi:10.
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