Sustained Impact of Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Treatment Satisfaction and Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes (FUTURE): An Analysis in People with Normal and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia
Authors' conclusion
These data show sustained improvement of severe hypoglycemia, work absenteeism, and hypoglycemia fear after isCGM reimbursement, mostly driven by people with IAH. Together with improved treatment satisfaction, irrespective of hypoglycemia awareness level, isCGM without alerts is a valuable tool under long-term real-world conditions.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T1D starting first-generation 14-day FreeStyle Libre (without alerts) after nationwide intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) reimbursement, Belgium; 16% had IAH
- Participants
- 1,905 adults
- Exposure
- IAH vs NAH, each before vs after isCGM initiation
- IAHn = 308
- NAHn = 1,594reference
- Outcome
- Evolution of QOL
- Follow-up
- 24 months
Methodological detailsreal-world, nationwide
- Real-world
- Nationwide
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
QOL
- Hypoglycemia fear survey-worry subscale, IAH: baseline 22.8 (95% CI 21.4-24.2) vs 24 months 20.6 (19.0-22.1)
- P = 0.002
- Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Scale change, IAH
- +3.1 [2.1-4.1], P < 0.001
- Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Scale change, NAH
- +2.3 [1.9-2.7], P < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
Severe hypoglycemia, IAH (having an event) · 6 months before isCGM vs last 6 months of follow-up
- 6 months before isCGM initiation
- 36.4%
- Last 6 months of follow-up
- 16.0%
- Change
- P < 0.001
- IAH showed the strongest decline in severe hypoglycemia and work absenteeism; similar for hypoglycemia hospitalization and coma
HbA1c · 24 months
- HbA1c remained stable in both groups
Sensor-measured outcomes · over 24 months
- IAH spent more time in hypoglycemia but less time in hyperglycemia than NAH
Original publication
Sustained Impact of Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Treatment Satisfaction and Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes (FUTURE): An Analysis in People with Normal and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia. Diabetes Technol Ther. Published 3 February 2023. doi:10.
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