Implications of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Thyroid Function and Thyroid Nodules: A Drug Target Mendelian Randomization and Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
GLP-1RAs treatment of 12 months in patients with diabetes is considered relatively safe regarding thyroid disease although there is a potential risk for decreasing of fT4 levels and nodule growth/progression, with no clear evidence of superiority over other antidiabetic treatments.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with diabetescohort study
- Participants
- 169 patients
- Exposure
- GLP-1 RA treatment vs no GLP-1 treatment
- Outcome
- Genetically proxied GLP-1 RA activity and FT4 (Mendelian randomization)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
GLP-1 RAs decrease FT4 within the normal range, OR
0.9948 (0.9936-0.9961), P < .001 (95% CI)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Nodule diameter, baseline vs after treatment · 12 months
- Control: increased
- 0.69 vs 0.77, P = .004
- GLP-1: increased
- 0.68 vs 0.71, P = .019
GLP-1 group, baseline vs after treatment · 12 months
- TI-RADS increased
- 2.60 vs 2.69, P = .007
- FT4 decreased
- 1.26 vs 1.17, P = .005
Linear regression: GLP-1 and post-treatment differences in thyroid function or nodule
- No significant association
Original publication
Implications of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Thyroid Function and Thyroid Nodules: A Drug Target Mendelian Randomization and Cohort Study. Endocr Pract. Published 22 July 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →