Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors' conclusion
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, GLP-1 RAs produced greater weight loss among women than men; however, their efficacy was consistent across other important subpopulations. These findings may inform clinical decision-making.
Study context
- Population
- Adults in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing GLP-1 RAs to placebo or other medications; MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, inception through July 26, 202441 articles · 64 RCTs
- Comparison
- GLP-1 RAs vs placebo or other medications, heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) by patient characteristics
- Outcome
- Change in body weight in kg (by age, baseline BMI, baseline HbA1c) or % change from baseline (by sex, race and ethnicity)
Methodological detailsrandom-effects models, Cochrane risk of bias tool
- Random-effects models
- Cochrane risk of bias tool
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Weight loss by subgroup (HTE)
Original publication
Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Intern Med. Published 1 May 2026. doi:10.
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