Fasting and postprandial kidney haemodynamic effects of empagliflozin and linagliptin in mono‐ and combination therapy compared to gliclazide in overweight people with type 2 diabetes ( RACELINES ): A randomised, double‐blind trial
Authors' conclusion
In T2D people without CKD, the favourable kidney haemodynamic effects of empagliflozin persist in the postprandial state and are irrespective of concurrent use of linagliptin.
Study context
- Population
- Overweight people with T2D on metformin monotherapy (HbA1c 62 + 11 mmol/mol, eGFR 89 [78–100] mL/min/1.73 m², urinary albumin-creatinine-ratio 1.0 [0.4–1.9] mg/mmol)
- Participants
- 61 people
- Comparison
- Empagliflozin and linagliptin in mono- and combination therapy vs gliclazide, added to metformin
- Primary endpoint
- Fasting and postprandial kidney haemodynamic function: mGFR (iohexol clearance) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) (PAH clearance)
- Follow-up
- 16 weeks
Methodological detailsdouble-blind
- Double-blind
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Within-group change in mGFR
Fasting measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) change, EMPA0-8w (mL/min)
−13.2; −21.3 to −5.1
Fasting mGFR change, EMPA8-16w (mL/min)
−10.2; −16.5 to −4.0
mGFR change after protein load, EMPA0-8w (mL/min)
−11.4; −20.2 to −2.6
mGFR change after protein load, EMPA8-16w (mL/min)
−16.2; −22.9 to −9.4
Original publication
Fasting and postprandial kidney haemodynamic effects of empagliflozin and linagliptin in mono‐ and combination therapy compared to gliclazide in overweight people with type 2 diabetes ( RACELINES ): A randomised, double‐blind trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 6 May 2025. doi:10.
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