Effects of GLP ‐1 Receptor Agonists and Dual GIP / GLP ‐1 Receptor Agonists on Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors' conclusion
In adults with T2DM, incretin-based therapies consistently lower CRP/hs-CRP, reduce oxidative stress (MDA) and increase adiponectin, while effects on IL-6 and TNF-α are more variable.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T2D in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting CRP/hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, malondialdehyde (MDA) or adiponectin; searched to 19 February 202641 RCTs
- Comparison
- GLP-1 RA or dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist vs placebo or active therapy
- Outcome
- Inflammatory, oxidative and metabolic biomarkers (pooled random-effects standardised mean differences (SMDs))
Methodological detailsrandom-effects meta-analysis, standardised mean differences
- Random-effects meta-analysis
- Standardised mean differences
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
GLP-1RAsSMD (95% CI)
CRP/hs-CRP; 27 studies, 1991 participants; significant reduction
−0.37(−0.59 to −0.14)
MDA; 3 studies, 272 participants; significant reduction
−0.98(−1.65 to −0.30)
Adiponectin; 16 studies, 1327 participants; significant increase
0.30(0.13–0.46)
Further pooled results
Tirzepatide RCTs: IL-6 and CRP/hs-CRP
| SMD (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| TirzepatideIL-6; 2 RCTs, 562 participants; significant reduction | −0.28 (−0.47 to −0.09) | |
| −0.6−0.4−0.200.2Difference (linear scale) |
- Non-significant trend towards lower CRP/hs-CRP with tirzepatide
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Effects of GLP ‐1 Receptor Agonists and Dual GIP / GLP ‐1 Receptor Agonists on Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 14 July 2026. doi:10.
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