Comparison of incidence patterns and risk profiles of ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in type 1 diabetes in Finland: a nationwide cohort study
Authors' conclusion
We report that STEMI and NSTEMI exhibit different incidence patterns depending on age and year of myocardial infarction. STEMI and NSTEMI also differed regarding risk profiles, demonstrating that myocardial infarction risk assessment involves a complex interplay between multiple risk factors in type 1 diabetes.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T1D without previous MI or coronary revascularisation, FinnDiane Study, enrolled Nov 21, 1997–Dec 31, 2012
- Participants
- 4,215 adults449 first-ever MIs
- Exposure
- ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) vs non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) incidence and risk profiles
- STEMIn = 84
- NSTEMIn = 297
- Outcome
- Incidence and risk profiles of MI subtypes STEMI and NSTEMI
Methodological detailsmulticentre, nationwide, competing risk analysis
- Multicentre
- Nationwide
- Competing risk analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cumulative incidence · 20 years
- 20-year cumulative incidence, all MIs
- 15.4% (95% CI 12.0-19.1)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Temporal trends vs reference period 1997–2002
- STEMI incidence decreased; NSTEMI incidence increased after an initial decline
Risk profiles
- Older diabetes onset age, higher LDL-C, lower HDL-C, severe DR, severe albuminuria and kidney replacement therapy associated with increased risk of NSTEMI, not STEMI
- Moderately and severely decreased eGFR associated with increased risk of STEMI, not NSTEMI
- Longer diabetes duration, higher HbA1c and current smoking associated with increased risk of both subtypes
Original publication
Comparison of incidence patterns and risk profiles of ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in type 1 diabetes in Finland: a nationwide cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. Published 20 March 2026. doi:10.
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