Combination therapy with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in heart failure patients with type 2 diabetes
Main finding · All-cause deathResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 0.43 95% CI 0.39–0.48Authors' conclusion
The risk of all-cause death and hospitalization in patients who received combination therapy with SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA relative to those who received SGLT2i monotherapy was significantly lower in patients with HF and T2D.
Study context
- Population
- Patients aged ≥18 years with heart failure (HF) and T2D receiving an SGLT2i, TriNetX database, January 1, 2018–December 31, 2021propensity score matched
- Participants
- 23,240 vs 23,240
- Exposure
- SGLT2i + GLP-1 RA vs SGLT2i monotherapy
- SGLT2i + GLP-1 RAn = 23,240
- SGLT2i monotherapyn = 23,240reference
- Outcome
- All-cause death and hospitalization
- Follow-up
- 1 year
Methodological detailsmulticenter, observational, propensity score matching, TriNetX database
- Multicenter
- Observational
- Propensity score matching
- TriNetX database
Main finding
All-cause death
Hazard ratio
0.43
95% CI 0.39–0.48
P < 0.001
By group
SGLT2i + GLP-1 RAvs SGLT2i monotherapy
HR 0.43 (95% CI 0.39–0.48); P < 0.001
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | SGLT2i + GLP-1 RA | SGLT2i monotherapy | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalization · 1 year | 32.9% | 36.4% | 0.87 (0.84–0.90) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Combination therapy with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in heart failure patients with type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. Published 4 November 2025. doi:10.
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