Clinical actionability of molecular testing in advanced thyroid cancer: a real-world cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Molecular testing frequently revealed targetable alterations in patients with advanced TC, and matched therapies yielded meaningful clinical benefit. These findings underscore the value of precision medicine in TC and support broader implementation of molecular-guided treatment strategies.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with advanced thyroid cancer who underwent panel-based molecular testing with potential treatment consequences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, 2014–2024
- Participants
- 103 patients
- Outcome
- Molecular landscape and clinical actionability (ESCAT)
Methodological detailssingle-centre, real-world
- Single-centre
- Real-world
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Testing at diagnosis (primarily anaplastic thyroid cancer (TC))
- 51.5%
- Testing upon disease progression (primarily differentiated and medullary TC)
- 48.5%
- TP53 alterations
- 39.8%
- NRAS alterations
- 17.5%
- BRAF alterations
- 16.5%
- PTEN alterations
- 16.5%
- RET alterations
- 11.7%
- Potential targetable alterations (ESCAT level I-III)
- 62.1%
- Clinically actionable ESCAT level I or II alterations
- 32.0%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Response to matched systemic therapy (n=16)
- Objective response rate
- 56.3%
- Disease control rate
- 68.8%
- Durable responses predominantly in ESCAT level I or II alterations (BRAF, RET, NTRK)
Overall survival, matched therapy vs not
- Matched therapy associated with a trend toward longer overall survival
- 123.0 vs 57.0 months; P = 0.058
Original publication
Clinical actionability of molecular testing in advanced thyroid cancer: a real-world cohort study. Eur Thyroid J. Published 8 June 2026. doi:10.
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