Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes and Mortality With Long-Acting Injectable and Oral Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials
Pooled result · MACEResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 0.86 95% CI 0.81–0.90Authors' conclusion
As a group, long-acting GLP-1RA, including both injectable and oral formulations, reduce incidence of MACE, HHF, and kidney events and all-cause mortality in T2D.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with T2D in randomized placebo-controlled cardiovascular (CV) and kidney outcomes trials of GLP-1RA with ≥500 individuals; PubMed to 7 February 2025
- Participants
- 71,351 individuals10 trials
- Comparison
- Long-acting GLP-1 RA vs placebo
- Outcome
- MACE
Methodological detailsrandom-effects model, placebo-controlled trials, trial-level meta-analysis
- Random-effects model
- Placebo-controlled trials
- Trial-level meta-analysis
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Hazard ratio
0.86
95% CI 0.81–0.90
Long-acting GLP-1RAvs Placebo
HR 0.86 (95% CI 0.81–0.90)
- Reduction in incidence rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)
- 14%
- Consistent reduction for all MACE components
- 14%
Further pooled results
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| HHFI2 = 2.1% | 0.86 (0.79–0.93) | |
| Composite kidney outcome (kidney failure, sustained ≥50% eGFR decline or nearest equivalent, or kidney-related death)I2 = 20.4% | 0.83 (0.75–0.92) | |
| All-cause mortalityI2 = 17.5% | 0.88 (0.82–0.93) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
- Hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) — Reduction in HHF
- 14%
- Composite kidney outcome (kidney failure, sustained ≥50% eGFR decline or nearest equivalent, or kidney-related death) — Reduction in composite kidney outcome
- 17%
- All-cause mortality — Reduction in all-cause mortality
- 12%
Safety
- No increased risks of severe hypoglycemia, retinopathy, or pancreatic events
Original publication
Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes and Mortality With Long-Acting Injectable and Oral Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials. Diabetes Care. Published 29 March 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →