Cardiovascular Indexes and Oxidative Balance in Advanced Cardiovascular–Kidney–Metabolic Syndrome
Authors' conclusion
This study is the first to identify an inverse association between higher OBS and advanced CKM risk, with cardiovascular indexes emerging as potential mediators, which lay the groundwork for future longitudinal and interventional studies to elucidate potential causal pathways.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome in NHANES, categorized into early and advanced CKM
- Exposure
- Higher vs lower oxidative balance score
- Outcome
- Advanced CKM
Methodological detailsNHANES data, multivariable logistic regression, mediation analysis, SHAP machine learning
- NHANES data
- Multivariable logistic regression
- Mediation analysis
- SHAP machine learning
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Advanced CKM risk
Total oxidative balance score (OBS) ≥ 28 vs ≤ 16: reduced risk of advanced CKM
36%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and cardiac metabolic index (CMI) and advanced CKM risk
- AIP linked to increased advanced CKM risk at levels >
- 0.56
- CMI linked to increased advanced CKM risk at levels >
- 0.57
Mediation of OBS–advanced CKM association
- Proportion potentially mediated by AIP
- 0.68%
- Proportion potentially mediated by CMI
- 4.08%
SHAP importance of index components
- SHAP highlighted the importance of carotene and niacin
Original publication
Cardiovascular Indexes and Oxidative Balance in Advanced Cardiovascular–Kidney–Metabolic Syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 29 July 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →