Associations of Clinical Risk Factors and Novel Biomarkers With Age at Onset of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Most risk factors or biomarkers had stronger relative risks for T2D at younger ages, which emphasizes the necessity of promoting primary prevention among younger individuals. Moreover, obesity should be prioritized.
Study context
- Population
- UK Biobank participants free of T2D at baseline15,805 incident T2D
- Participants
- 471,269 participants
- Exposure
- Clinical risk factors, biomarkers and genetic risk scores (GRSs) for incident T2D, stratified by age at onset (≤50.0, 50.1-60.0, 60.1-70.0, >70.0 years)
- Outcome
- Incident T2D by age at onset
- Follow-up
- 11 years
Methodological detailsstratified Cox proportional-hazards regression
- Stratified Cox proportional-hazards regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Risk factors for incident T2D by age at onset (HR)
- Obesity, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 13.16 (9.67-17.91) (95% CI)
- Obesity, onset >70.0 years: HR
- 4.13 (3.78-4.51) (95% CI)
- Dyslipidemia, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 3.50 (2.91-4.20) (CI)
- Hypertension, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 3.21 (2.71-3.80) (CI)
- CVD, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 2.87 (2.13-3.87) (CI)
- Parental history of diabetes, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 2.42 (2.04-2.86) (CI)
- Education lower than college, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 1.89 (1.57-2.27) (CI)
- Physical inactivity, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 1.73 (1.43-2.10) (CI)
- Smoking, onset ≤50.0 years: HR
- 1.38 (1.13-1.68) (CI)
- Most risk factors and biomarkers markedly attenuated with increasing age at onset
- P interaction <.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Associations of Clinical Risk Factors and Novel Biomarkers With Age at Onset of Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 15 July 2023. doi:10.
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