Associations of body composition and resting metabolic rate with homeostatic and hedonic components of appetite
Authors' conclusion
RMR is a key driver of energy intake, with sex, BMI, physical activity and smoking status moderating the relationship. Body composition (FFM and FM) is linked to distinct variations in homoeostatic and hedonic components of appetite, particularly gut hormone responses, craving control and taste perception.
Study context
- Population
- Adults (58% male; age 25.0 ± 8.5 years; BMI 24.0 ± 3.7 kg/m²) with assessments of resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition, energy intake, appetite-related hormones, appetite, food reward, food cravings, taste and smell perception
- Participants
- 130 adults
- Outcome
- Associations of FFM, FM and RMR with appetite-related outcomes
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- RMR positively associated with energy intake; Fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were not
- P < 0.001
- Positive RMR–energy intake association stronger in younger, more active, smokers and lower BMI
- P ≤ 0.020
- FFM positively associated with postprandial PYY and hunger, craving control and smell sensitivity
- P ≤ 0.026
- FM positively associated with fasting PYY and leptin, inversely with postprandial PYY and hunger, craving control and taste sensitivity
- P ≤ 0.047
- RMR inversely associated with fasting ghrelin
- P < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Associations of body composition and resting metabolic rate with homeostatic and hedonic components of appetite. Int J Obes (Lond). Published 2 June 2026. doi:10.
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