Associations of adipose tissue insulin resistance with fasting blood glucose and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in adults without diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Adipose tissue insulin resistance demonstrated a significant dose-response relationship with both FBG and HbA1c levels in individuals without diabetes, which may reflect early glycaemic alterations. The association between Adipo-IR and FBG was more pronounced under conditions of normal or low body weight.
Study context
- Population
- Adults without diabetes (normoglycaemia and prediabetes)
- Participants
- 9,011 adults
- Exposure
- Adipo-IR in relation to fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c categories
- Outcome
- Association of Adipo-IR (fasting insulin × free fatty acids) with high FBG (≥5.6 mmol/L) and HbA1c
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
High FBG (≥5.6 mmol/L) per 1-unit increase in log-Adipo-IR, by BMI
| Group | OR |
|---|---|
| Body mass index (BMI) <24 kg/m² | 2.74 (95% CI: 2.02, 3.73, p < 0.001) |
| BMI 24 to <28 kg/m² | 1.67 (95% CI: 1.36, 2.07, p < 0.001) |
| BMI ≥28 kg/m² | 1.30 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.74, p = 0.07) |
OR
Body mass index (BMI) <24 kg/m²2.74 (95% CI: 2.02, 3.73, p < 0.001)
BMI 24 to <28 kg/m²1.67 (95% CI: 1.36, 2.07, p < 0.001)
BMI ≥28 kg/m²1.30 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.74, p = 0.07)
- BMI <24 kg/m² vs BMI 24 to <28 kg/m²: P for interaction < 0.001 — Adipo-IR–FBG association varied by BMI, strengthened at BMI <24 kg/m²
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
- Positive associations between Adipo-IR and HbA1c in all BMI categories and in females and males
Original publication
Associations of adipose tissue insulin resistance with fasting blood glucose and HbA1c in adults without diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 2 February 2026. doi:10.
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