Association of serum magnesium with metabolic syndrome and the role of chronic kidney disease: A population‐based cohort study with Mendelian randomization
Main finding · Prevalent MetS per 1 SD serum magnesiumResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 0.90 95% CI 0.83–0.98Authors' conclusion
Serum magnesium is associated with prevalent, but not incident MetS, and this effect is stronger in individuals with CKD. MR analysis implies a potential, albeit weak, causal role of magnesium in MetS.
Study context
- Population
- General population, KORA F4/FF4 study1,446 longitudinal
- Participants
- 2,996 participants
- Exposure
- Serum magnesium
- Outcome
- Prevalent and incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components
Methodological detailscross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, two-sample Mendelian randomization, stratified by chronic kidney disease (CKD)
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
- Two-sample Mendelian randomization
- Stratified by CKD
Main finding
Prevalent MetS per 1 SD serum magnesium
Odds ratio
0.90
95% CI 0.83–0.98
Per 1 SD serum magnesium, as printed
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalent MetS in individuals with CKD, per 1 SD serum magnesiumMore pronounced in CKD | 0.75 (0.59–0.94) | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Elevated fasting glucose (metabolic syndrome (MetS) component)
| OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Serum magnesiumNegative association | 0.78 (0.71–0.88) | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Elevated fasting glucose in individuals with CKD
| OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Serum magnesiumMore pronounced in CKD | 0.67 (0.53–0.84) | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Causal effect of serum magnesium on MetS (two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR))
| OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Serum magnesiumInverse causal effect suggested | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Incident MetS and its components (longitudinal)
- Serum magnesium was not associated with incident MetS or its components
Nonlinearity (restricted cubic splines)
- Significant nonlinear inverse relationship of serum magnesium with MetS and elevated fasting glucose
Original publication
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